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Termites live and work collectively in nests or colonies. Members of the colony take different forms or castes. These include:
Their wings are size and form and double the length of their body. They drop following the colonising flight is made. Reduce wings are a fantastic indication of termite presence.
These are the forms of the colony including prospective kings and queens of colonies yet to be established.
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The reproductives live in a central room in the nest where a femalequeen or queen, will lay many thousands of eggs every year over her entire life span of about a decade. Male, or kings, are responsible to fertilising the queens. Reproductives are commonly observed.
The young termites develop in the colony by shedding cuticles in the end of every growth stage, gradually changing until they reach the worker, soldier or grownup (winged form). If queens perish, some supplementary reproductives can carry on the colony as neotenics.
Reproductives are generally darker than employees and soldiers. They have functional eyes and their stronger skin (cuticle) is able to resist the outside environment. Once flight, unlike other insects, the wings of termites are lost and piles of discard wings are a clue to termite infestations.
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Officials have , heads that are larger that are darker than the other castes. They are blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs.
Soldiers are more demanding than the other castes and take longer to die from many toxins, exposure, or starvation. It's their function to defend the colony, if disturbed, while the damage is repaired by the workers.
Soldiers exist in different types. Many species have soldiers, with well-developed jaws (mandibles) used to crush attackers, like ants.
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Nastute soldiers occur in Nasustitermes species and are only rarely found as pests in Victoria. They've a snout from which they eject a solution which disturbs and glues attackers.
Phragmotic soldiers have a head, which can be wedged in tunnels to prevent attackers. The termites, which utilize this strategy, are only occasional introductions to Victoria.
The employees account for the largest number of termites within the colony, and are therefore responsible for the most damage.
They collect check that food, groom other termites, construct tunnels and fix damage in addition to tending to the kings, queens and their young. These termites are thought to operate 24 hours per day throughout their life span. Worker termites are generally unpigmented. They're blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. .
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Termites hatch from eggs which have been tended by their nest mates in specially constructed nurseries.
As soon as they're mature enough, the young work within the colony where occupations change with age and maturity.
Once a single colony becomes sufficiently large it generates winged reproductives that wait in specially constructed chambers until prepared to leave the nest and undertake a colonising flight.
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They leave the nest for a swarm under conditions of high humidity atmosphere, and sometimes light. Termites are not strong fliers and usually only fly around 1km, although breezes and updrafts can take them much further.
Upon landing near a suitable nest site, the female sheds her wings and evokes a calling scent. Men quickly respond.
They dig in and within the next few weeks, mate and take care of their young until enough workers develop to take over the maintenance functions.
New colonies are occasionally established via budding. This is believed to happen when the extremities of the colony get rid of contact and become independent.
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The primary king and queen are believed to exude hormones, which suppress the sexual development of the remainder of the colony. But this control breaks down if the territory is too large or contact groups is lost.
Termites work together in nests or colonies. They hatch from eggs as mammals, which can be fed by termites. They then develop into four kinds or castes of termite:
Soldiers have large, dark heads, are blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Soldiers are tougher than other castes and may take longer to control. Several species of soldier termites have strong jaws (mandibles) used to crush attackers, such as ants.
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Workers are colourless, blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Workers are the largest caste within a colony and are, therefore, responsible for most harm.
Reproductives which are darker in colour to castes, have functional eyes and strong skin. This caste becomes the pioneers of colonies.
The temperature, food quality, and activity of this colony will determine how long it takes to get a termite to develop from egg to mature.